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As data centers expand due to increased demand for digital infrastructure, they are also facing unprecedented increases in cooling requirements. This article reviews the capabilities and techniques of various hybrid cooling systems using chilled water, smart sensors, and AI (artificial intelligence) to improve energy efficiency and resilience in data centers. The report includes detailed discussions of waterside economizer usage, liquid cooling methods, and predictive ​control techniques that can reduce power consumption while increasing reliability. This report, co-authored by Haris M. Khalid, provides an excellent resource for engineers, scientists, and students researching sustainable practices within the construction of data centers.

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